Hematuria in Dogs

Hemoglobinuria is a condition in which unusually large amounts of hemoglobin are present in the urine.



Myoglobinuria is a condition in which unusually large amounts of myoglobin are found in the urine. Hemoglobin is a kind of protein whose purpose is to transport oxygen in the blood. Hemoglobinuria in dogs is usually an indication that red blood cells are being destroyed, typically an indication of hemolytic anemia.



However, there are numerous other conditions that can lead to hemoglobinuria, including certain infections and cancers. A similar condition is hematuria in dogs, in which red blood cells themselves are present in the urine.
Myoglobin is also a protein that carries oxygen – it's purpose is to store oxygen in muscle cells.



Myoglobinuria is usually the result of muscles being broken down.

Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria Symptoms in Dogs:

Hemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria are themselves symptoms of some underlying medical problem. Hemoglobinuria in dogs is sometimes first discovered when the color of the dog's urine changes, developing a reddish tinge. Apart from this however, it is difficult to describe any typical symptoms. Any symptoms that appear depend on the underlying condition, and are symptoms of that condition rather than of hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria.

Causes of Hemoglobinuria and Myoglobinuria in Dogs:

There are numerous possible causes of hemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria in dogs. Certain genetic conditions such as copper-associated liver disease could be responsible in some cases, particularly certain small dog breeds. Hemoglobinuria in puppies is sometimes the result of a rare condition known as neonatal isoerythrolysis, in which the mother's blood develops antibodies against the blood of the pup. Puppies with this condition typically die within a couple of days of being born, however the condition is very rare in dogs. Certain drugs and toxic substances can also cause hemoglobin or myoglobin to be excreted through the urine. These include copper, zinc, mercury, paracetamol, and snake venom. Injuries such as burns and blunt trauma, heatstroke, extreme overexertion, and electric shock can also be responsible for both symptoms.

Treatments for Hemoglobinuria and Myoglobinuria in dogs:

As mentioned earlier, hemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria are only symptoms – treatment depends upon the underlying cause. If overexertion was the cause, no real treatment is required, as the condition is self limiting. If this is not the case, your veterinarian will first need to perform various tests to determine the nature of the problem. In general, you should ensure that your dog drinks enough water, as proper hydration is essential for the kidneys to function properly. Your veterinarian will advise you with regard to any other treatment that is required.