As you are aware, most breeds of domesticated dogs have been specifically bred by us to gain a specific size, shape, and appearance. Since these are not always suitably adapted to the environment, many dog breeds are susceptible to particular medical conditions or diseases. For example, daschunds are prone to severe spinal problems thanks to their elongated shape and stubby legs.
Similarly, laryngeal paralysis is commonly seen in larger dogs, such as Labrador Retrievers, Saint Bernards, and Golden Retrievers. In almost all cases, laryngeal paralysis is typically seen in older dogs. However, certain breeds have a hereditary form of the condition that can cause paralysis in puppies as young as two months old.
These include Dalmatians and English Bulldogs.
Laryngeal paralysis occurs when the nerves of the larynx (voice box) do not work properly. This causes the muscles that operate the larynx to “paralyze”, changing the dog’s voice and leading to eating and breathing problems. Under normal conditions, these muscles are essential in opening the larynx to allow air to move to the trachea and lungs. They are also needed to close the larynx while eating to avoid choking. The first symptoms the pet owner will notice are usually a change in the dog’s bark, which will becomes hoarser. He may even appear to become lethargic and will show lowered interest in play or exercise. In some cases, the dog’s appetite may be affected and he may refuse meals. The dog will also appear to have difficulty in breathing and will breathe noisily. Many owners often mistake these symptoms as normal ageing; however laryngeal paralysis can be life0threatening if left untreated. If you notice such signs, please visit the dog’s vet immediately for a diagnosis. The vet will examine the dog’s larynx under anesthesia to observe if it is functioning normally.
Unfortunately, there are no home treatments or medications that can help your dog. A minor surgery will be needed to allow the dog to breathe normally. The procedure is called “laryngeal tie-back” and involves putting in permanent sutures to open the air passage. In almost all cases, the dog can resume a normal lifestyle after the surgery. However, there are a couple of complications, such as bleeding and post-operative infections. The most serious one is that of aspiration, where the enlarge air passages may allow food or water to enter the lungs instead of the stomach. Usually doctors reduce the risk of aspiration by conducting the surgery on only one side, thus leaving enough room to breathe but not enough for larger food particles from entering the air passage.
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